Built structures, i.e. the patterns of settlements and transport infrastructures, are known to influence per-capita energy demand and CO₂ emissions at the urban level.

At the national level, the role of built structures is seldom considered due to poor data availability. Instead, other potential determinants of energy demand and CO₂ emissions, primarily GDP, are more frequently assessed. We present a set of national-level indicators to characterize patterns of built structures. 

This study has shown that clustering models can help investors and traders predict stock prices and increase the returns of their trading algorithms.

We used a method called k-means clustering (with alternative distance metrics) to group stocks based on their quarterly financial ratios, prices, and daily returns. 

A non-negative transferable utility (TU) game is average monotonic if there exists a non-negative vector according to which the relative worth is not decreasing when enlarging the coalition. We generalize this definition to the nontransferable utility (NTU) case.

This paper investigates the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis for the G7 group of countries through the ecological footprint and its components (namely built-up land, carbon, cropland, fishing grounds, forest land, and grazing land). Most previous contributions rely on CO2 emissions as a measure of environmental damage, whereas using disaggregated ecological footprint allows us to consider resource consumption and waste generation compared to nature's resource generation and waste absorption.

This paper focuses on creative industries and the role played by the existing spatial distribution and agglomeration economies of these activities in relation to their entry decisions.